Nuweiba Tarabeen

The origin and history of the Tarabin tribe in the Sinai Peninsula, particularly around Nuweiba, provide a fascinating glimpse into the Bedouin culture and its transformations in response to modern challenges. Here’s an overview of the Tarabin Bedouins:

1. Historical Background:
   • The Tarabin tribe’s name originates from the Taraba valley in Saudi Arabia, where they initially settled. They were originally known as the Boqom tribe.
   • Their ancestry is traced back to ‘Atiya from the Quraysh tribe, which is notably the tribe of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ‘Atiya is believed to have migrated to Sinai in the 14th century.
2. Settlement in Sinai:
   • The Tarabin Bedouins moved to the Sinai Peninsula around 300 years ago. By the 19th century, they were established in the area, including the desert of the Tih.
3. Cultural and Societal Transformations:
   • Traditional Bedouin culture, known for its nomadic lifestyle, has faced significant changes due to urbanization and the development of resort towns like Sharm El-Sheikh.
   • These societal shifts have led to the erosion of traditional values, and the Bedouin community now confronts new challenges such as unemployment, land issues, and changes in social norms, including marriage practices.
4. Economic Challenges:
   • Sinai Bedouins, including the Tarabin, have struggled with unemployment, as they did not benefit much from the initial construction boom in the region.
   • With the growth of the tourism industry, some have found employment in service roles, but competition is high, and many remain jobless.
5. Controversial Activities:
   • Due to limited employment opportunities, some Bedouins, including Tarabin, have engaged in smuggling activities across the Egypt-Israel border.
6. Land Ownership Issues:
   • Bedouins traditionally do not have formal land rights, which has led to conflicts with the Egyptian government, especially regarding coastal land developments.
   • The government’s sale of land to hotel operators, perceived as dispossession by the Bedouins, has exacerbated tensions.
7. Relationship with Egyptian Authorities:
   • Egyptian authorities have often been suspicious of the Bedouins due to their cross-border ties and nomadic lifestyle.
   • Political events, like the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, have led to temporary changes in Bedouin autonomy and relations with the state.

The Tarabin Bedouins of Nuweiba exemplify the broader struggles and adaptability of the Bedouin tribes in the face of modernization and changing socio-economic landscapes. Their history and current situation highlight the complexities of preserving traditional cultures while navigating the realities of contemporary life.