Shali Fortress

Shali Fortress, nestled in the heart of Siwa Oasis, stands as a silent testament to the ingenuity and resilience of the Siwan people. Built in the 13th century, this fortress was not only a protective stronghold but also the central living area for the community, showcasing a unique adaptation to the harsh desert environment.

Constructed primarily from kershef—a blend of salt rock and mud-brick, materials abundant in the area—Shali Fortress embodies the natural harmony between human habitation and the environment. This choice of material ensured the fortress was both insulated against the scorching daytime heat and cool during the chilly desert nights, making it a practical solution for the extreme climate of the Western Desert of Egypt.

Over centuries, Shali Fortress stood as the epicenter of Siwa, with its maze-like alleys, houses, and public spaces all enclosed within its walls, providing security against potential invaders and harsh natural elements. However, the fortress could not withstand the ravages of time forever. A heavy rainstorm in 1926, rare for such an arid region, caused significant damage to the kershef structures, leading to the gradual abandonment of the fortress by its inhabitants.

Today, the ruins of Shali Fortress offer a hauntingly beautiful glimpse into the past. Visitors can explore the labyrinthine passageways, climb to the highest points for panoramic views of the oasis and its thousands of palm trees, and marvel at the remnants of this once-thriving community. The fortress’s remains, standing tall against the backdrop of the oasis, serve as a poignant reminder of the adaptability and endurance of the Siwan people.

Conservation efforts have been put in place to preserve what remains of the Shali Fortress, ensuring that it continues to tell its story for generations to come. As a centerpiece of Siwa Oasis, it not only attracts tourists from around the world but also serves as a symbol of Siwan identity and resilience, making it a must-visit for anyone interested in the rich tapestry of Egypt’s history and culture.